베니스 비엔날레 큐레이터: 마시밀리아노 지오니
뉴욕에서 광주 거쳐 베니스로
스타 큐레이터 마시밀리아노 지오니
Photo: Di Selva Barni
이제 겨우 서른아홉. 뉴뮤지엄의 큐레이터 마시밀리아노 지오니(Massimiliano Gioni)는 지금 세계에서 가장 잘 나가는 큐레이터다.
‘스타 큐레이터’로 불리우는 마시밀리아노 지오니는 2010년 광주비엔날레의 예술총감독을 맡아 ‘만인보’를 주제로 한 미술축제를 성공으로 이끌었다. 광주비엔날레는 비평가들의 찬사를 받았으며, 50여만명의 관람객을 끌었다.
그리고, 지금은 베니스 비엔날레를 지휘하고 있다. 6월 1일부터 11월 24일까지 열리는 베니스 비엔날레의 주제는 ‘백과사전 궁전(The Encyclopedic Palace)’. 무려 38개국에서 158명의 미술가들이 초대됐다. 예년에 비해 2배에 가까운 수다. 설치작가 김수자씨가 한국관 대표작가로 참가한다.
2010 4월 광주비엔날레 홍보 차 기자회견을 열었을 때 지오니는 귀엽고, 유러머스하고, 장난끼 있는 모습이었다. 하지만, 그의 기획력은 지금 세계 미술계의 톱클래스다.
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Massimiliano Gioni
Photo: Sukie Park/The Korea Daily
민주화운동 30주년을 맞은 도시 광주의 비엔날레와 현대미술의 최전선에 선 뉴욕 뉴뮤지엄의 큐레이터가 만났다.
마시밀리아노 지오니 광주비엔날레 예술총감독이 4월 20일 맨해튼 뉴뮤지엄의 스카이룸에서 제 8회 광주 세계 미술축제의 베일을 드러냈다. 지오니 예술총감독은 기자회견을 열고 비엔날레의 주제와 전시작가를 소개했다.
올 9월 3일부터 11월 7일까지 광주 곳곳에서 열릴 비엔날레의 주제는 고은씨의 동명 시집에서 착안한 ‘만인보(萬人譜, 10000 Lives)’.
지오니 예술총감독은 “올해는 5•18 광주 민주화운동 30주년이 되는 해이며, 5•18 정신과 긴밀한 관계에 있는 광주비엔날레의 정체성이나 역사성에 비추어 매우 의미있는 일”이라고 밝혔다.
고은 시인이 1980년대 민주화 운동으로 투옥됐을 때부터 쓰기 시작한 연작시 ‘만인보’는 그가 생애를 통해 만난 인물이 실명으로 거론됐다. ‘인류애의 백과사전’으로 불리는 시집이다. 집필기간 25년, 3800여편, 30권으로 구성된 ‘만인보’는 영어, 독일어, 스페인어, 스웨덴어 등 7개 이상의 언어로 번역 출간됐다. 고은 시인은 노벨상 문학상 후보에 오르기도 했다.
광주 비엔날레가 차용한 ‘만인보’는 만인들의 삶, 시각예술 속에 등장하는 다양한 이미지를 상징한다.
“주제가 설명하듯 야심만만하고, 기본적이면서도 무시무시하기까지한 작품들이 소개될 예정이다.”
Photo: Sukie Park/The Korea Daily
지오니 예술총감독은 1901년부터 2010년까지 활동해온 세계 작가 100명을 초대했다. 앤디 워홀, 신디 셔만, 브루스 나우만, 제프 쿤스에서 지난해 베니스 비엔날레의 한국관 초대작가 양혜규씨까지 유명작가들도 포함됐으며, 광주 비엔날레를 위해 특별히 제작된 작품도 소개될 예정이다.
지난해 4월 광주비엔날레 사상 최초의 유럽인이자 최연소로 비엔날레 지휘자로 발탁된 지오니 예술총감독은 이후 뉴욕과 광주를 부지런히 오갔다.
이탈리아 출신인 지오니는 “스파게티는 이탈리아가 아시아의 국수에서 베낀 것”이라고 호탕하게 웃었다. “광주에서 홍어회를 즐긴다!”는 그는 이번 비엔날레를 ‘어둡고 무겁지만은 않은 전시’로 꾸미고 있다고 강조했다.
아이리시타임스의 미술담당 기자 벨린다 맥권은 “수많은 생명이 빼앗긴 사건이 일어난 곳이므로 비엔날레의 주제가 된 것은 매우 적합하다고 생각한다. 미술전시는 인간 생애의 복합성과 다양성, 그리고 그 뒤로 남겨진 이미지를 포착하는 것이다. 광주 비엔날레가 무척 기대된다”고 말했다.
지오니 예술총감독이 기획하지는 않았지만, 5.18을 추도하는 특별전 ‘5월의 꽃’도 마련된다. 이 전시에는 고 백남준씨와 뉴욕화가 변종곤씨, 설치작가 이불씨 등 40여명의 작품이 전시될 예정이다.
☞ Massimiliano Gioni
밀라노에서 40분 떨어진 부스토 아르시지오(Busto Arsizio)에서 태어나 이탈리아 볼로냐대학교에서 미술사를 전공했다.
2003년 베니스비엔날레의 ‘더 존’ 섹션 큐레이터를 비롯해 2006년 베를린비엔날레 전시 기획, 2007년 리옹비엔날레의 자문위원을 맡았다.
2003년부터 밀라노의 니콜라트루사르디재단 예술감독을 거쳐 2006년 뉴뮤지엄의 특별전 디렉터로 발탁됐다. 2009년 뉴뮤지엄의 트리엔날레 ‘제너레이셔널: 예수보다 젊은(The Generational : Younger Than Jesus)’전을 기획했다.
2010년 광주비엔날레의 예술총감독을 맡았다.
*마시밀리아노 지오니 인터뷰는 2010년 4월 20일 뉴욕중앙일보에 게재된 것입니다.
venice biennale 2013 : Artists 2013 베니스 비엔날레 초대작가
Hilma af Klint
Born in 1862 in Solna, Sweden
Died in 1944 in Djursholm, Sweden
Victor Alimpiev
Born in 1973 in Moscow, Russia
Ellen Altfest
Born in 1970 in New York, USA
Pawel Althamer
Born in 1967 in Warsaw, Poland
Levi Fisher Ames
Born in 1843 in Sullivan, USA
Died in 1923 in Monroe, USA
Yuri Ancarani
Born in 1972 in Ravenna, Italy
Carl Andre
Born in 1935 in Quincy, USA
Uri Aran
Born in 1977 in Jerusalem, Israel
Yüksel Arslan
Born in 1933 in Istanbul, Turkey
Ed Atkins
Born in 1982 in Oxford, UK
Marino Auriti
Born in 1891 in Guardiagrele, Italy
Died in 1980 in Kennett Square, USA
Enrico Baj
Born in 1924 in Milan, Italy
Died in 2003 in Vergiate, Italy
Miroslaw Balka
Born in 1958 in Warsaw, Poland
Phyllida Barlow
Born in 1944 in Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Morton Bartlett
Born in 1909 in Chicago, USA
Died in 1992 in Boston, USA
Gianfranco Baruchello
Born in 1924 in Livorno, Italy
Hans Bellmer
Born in 1902 in Katowice, Poland
Died in 1975 in Paris, France
Neïl Beloufa
Born in 1985 in Paris, France
Graphic Works of Southeast Asia and Melanesia, Hugo A. Bernatzik Collection 1932–1937
Stefan Bertalan
Born in 1930 in Racastie, Romania
Rossella Biscotti
Born in 1978 in Molfetta, Italy
Arthur Bispo do Rosário
Born in about 1910 in Japaratuba, Brazil
Died in 1989 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
John Bock
Born in 1965 in Gribbohm, Germany
Frédéric Bruly Bouabré
Born in 1923 in Zéprégüé, Ivory Coast
Geta Bratescu
Born in 1926 in Ploiesti, Romania
KP Brehmer
Born in 1938 in Berlin, Germany
Died in 1997 in Hamburg, Germany
James Lee Byars
Born in 1932 in Detroit, USA
Died in 1997 in Cairo, Egypt
Roger Caillois
Born in 1913 in Reims, France
Died in 1978 in Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
Varda Caivano
Born in 1971 in Buenos Aires, Argentina
Vlassis Caniaris
Born in 1928 in Athens, Greece
Died in 2011 in Athens, Greece
James Castle
Born in 1899 in Garden Valley, USA
Died in 1977 in Boise, USA
Alice Channer
Born in 1977 in Oxford, UK
George Condo
Born in 1957 in Concord, USA
Aleister Crowley and Frieda Harris
Born in 1875 in Royal Leamington Spa, UK
Died in 1947 in Hastings, UK
Born in 1877 in London, UK
Died in 1962 in Srinagar, India
Robert Crumb
Born in 1943 in Philadelphia, USA
Roberto Cuoghi
Born in 1973 in Modena, Italy
Enrico David
Born in 1966 in Ancona, Italy
Tacita Dean
Born in 1965 in Canterbury, UK
John De Andrea
Born in 1941 in Denver, USA
Thierry De Cordier
Born in 1954 in Ronse, Belgium
Jos De Gruyter and Harald Thys
Born in 1965 in Geel, Belgium
Born in 1966 in Wilrijk, Belgium
Walter De Maria
Born in 1935 in Albany, USA
Simon Denny
Born in 1982 in Auckland, New Zealand
Trisha Donnelly
Born in 1974 in Los Angeles, USA
Jimmie Durham
Born in 1940 in Washington, USA
Harun Farocki
Born in 1944 in Nový Jicín, Czech Republic
Peter Fischli & David Weiss
Born in 1952 in Zurich, Switzerland
Born in 1946 in Zurich, Switzerland
Died in 2012 in Zurich, Switzerland
Linda Fregni Nagler
Born in 1976 in Stockholm, Sweden
Peter Fritz
Died in 1992 in Vienna, Austria
Aurélien Froment
Born in 1976 in Angers, France
Phyllis Galembo
Born in 1952 in New York, USA
Norbert Ghisoland
Born in 1878 in La Bouverie, Belgium
Died in 1939 in Frameries, Belgium
Yervant Gianikian and Angela Ricci Lucchi
Born in 1942 in Merano, Italy
Born in 1942 in Lugo di Romagna, Italy
Domenico Gnoli
Born in 1933 in Rome, Italy
Died in 1970 in New York, USA
Robert Gober
Born in 1954 in Wallingford, USA
Tamar Guimarães and Kasper Akhøj
Born in 1967 in Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Born in 1976 in Copenhagen, Denmark
Guo Fengyi
Born in 1942 in Xi’an, China
Died in 2010 in Xi’an, China
João Maria Gusmão and Pedro Paiva
Born in 1979 in Lisbon, Portugal
Born in 1977 in Lisbon, Portugal
Wade Guyton
Born in 1972 in Hammond, USA
*붓으로 그리던 시대는 끝났다: 웨이드 가이톤@휘트니뮤지엄
Haitian Vodou Flags
Duane Hanson
Born in 1925 in Alexandria, USA
Died in 1996 in Boca Raton, USA
Sharon Hayes
Born in 1970 in Baltimore, USA
Camille Henrot
Born in 1978 in Paris, France
Daniel Hesidence
Born in 1975 in Akron, USA
Roger Hiorns
Born in 1975 in Birmingham, UK
Channa Horwitz
Born in 1932 in Los Angeles, USA
Jessica Jackson Hutchins
Born in 1971 in Chicago, USA
René Iché
Born in 1897 in Sallèles-d’Aude, France
Died in 1954 in Paris, France
Hans Josephsohn
Born in 1920 in Kaliningrad, Russia
Died in 2012 in Zurich, Switzerland
Carl Gustav Jung
Born in 1875 in Kesswil, Switzerland
Died in 1961 in Kuessnacht, Switzerland
Kan Xuan
Born in 1972 in Xuancheng, China
Bouchra Khalili
Born in 1975 in Casablanca, Morocco
Ragnar Kjartansson
Born in 1976 in Reykjavík, Iceland
Eva Kotátková
Born in 1982 in Prague, Czech Republic
Evgenij Kozlov
Born in 1955 in St. Petersburg, Russia
Emma Kunz
Born in 1892 in Brittnau, Switzerland
Died in 1963 in Waldstatt, Switzerland
Maria Lassnig
Born in 1919 in Kappel am Krappfeld, Austria
Mark Leckey
Born in 1964 in Birkenhead, UK
Augustin Lesage
Born in 1876 in Saint-Pierre-les-Auchel, France
Died in 1954 in Burbure, France
Lin Xue
Born in 1968 in Fujian, China
Herbert List
Born in 1903 in Hamburg, Germany
Died in 1975 in Munich, Germany
José Antonio Suárez Londoño
Born in 1955 in Medellín, Colombia
Sarah Lucas
Born in 1962 in London, UK
Helen Marten
Born in 1985 in Macclesfield, UK
Paul McCarthy
Born in 1945 in Salt Lake City, USA
Steve McQueen
Born in 1969 in London, UK
Prabhavathi Meppayil
Born in 1965 in Bangalore, India
Marisa Merz
Born in 1931 in Turin, Italy
Pierre Molinier
Born in 1900 in Agen, France
Died in 1976 in Bordeaux, France
Matthew Monahan
Born in 1972 in Eureka, USA
Laurent Montaron
Born in 1972 in Verneuil-sur-Avre, France
Melvin Moti
Born in 1977 in Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Matt Mullican
Born in 1951 in Santa Monica, USA
Ron Nagle
Born in 1939 in San Francisco, USA
Bruce Nauman
Born in 1941 in Fort Wayne, USA
Albert Oehlen
Born in 1954 in Krefeld, Germany
Shinro Ohtake
Born in 1955 in Tokyo, Japan
J.D. ‘Okhai Ojeikere
Born in 1930 in Ojomu Emai, Nigeria
Henrik Olesen
Born in 1967 in Esbjerg, Denmark
John Outterbridge
Born in 1933 in Greenville, USA
Paño Drawings
Marco Paolini
Born in 1956 in Belluno, Italy
Diego Perrone
Born in 1970 in Asti, Italy
Walter Pichler
Born in 1936 in Deutschnofen, Italy
Died in 2012 in Burgenland, Austria
Otto Piene
Born in 1928 in Bad Laasphe, Germany
Eliot Porter
Born in 1901 in Winnetka, USA
Died in 1990 in Santa Fe, USA
Imran Qureshi
Born in 1972 in Hyderabad, Pakistan
Carol Rama
Born in 1918 in Turin, Italy
Charles Ray
Born in 1953 in Chicago, USA
James Richards
Born in 1983 in Cardiff, UK
Achilles G. Rizzoli
Born in 1896 in Marin County, USA
Died in 1981 in San Francisco, USA
Pamela Rosenkranz
Born in 1979 in Sils-Maria, Switzerland
Dieter Roth
Born in 1930 in Hanover, Germany
Died in 1998 in Basel, Switzerland
Viviane Sassen
Born in 1972 in Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Shinichi Sawada
Born in 1987 in Otsu City, Japan
Hans Schärer
Born in 1927 in Bern, Switzerland
Died in 1997 in St. Niklausen, Switzerland
Karl Schenker
Born in Germany
Died in 1951/52, UK
Michael Schmidt
Born in 1945 in Berlin, Germany
Jean-Frédéric Schnyder
Born in 1945 in Basel, Switzerland
Friedrich Schröder-Sonnenstern
Born in 1892 in Jasnoje, Russia
Died in 1982 in Berlin, Germany
Tino Sehgal
Born in 1976 in London, UK
Richard Serra
Born in 1939 in San Francisco, USA
Shaker Gift Drawings
Jim Shaw
Born in 1952 in Midland, USA
Cindy Sherman
Born in 1954 in Glen Ridge, USA
Laurie Simmons and Allan McCollum
Born in 1949 in Long Island, USA
Born in 1944 in Los Angeles, USA
Drossos P. Skyllas
Born in 1912 in Kalymnos, Greece
Died in 1973 in Chicago, USA
Harry Smith
Born in 1923 in Portland, USA
Died in 1991 in New York, USA
Xul Solar
Born in 1887 in Buenos Aires, Argentina
Died in 1963 in Buenos Aires, Argentina
Christiana Soulou
Born in 1961 in Athens, Greece
Eduard Spelterini
Born in 1852 in Bazenheid, Switzerland
Died in 1931 in Zipf, Austria
Rudolf Steiner
Born in 1861 in Donji Kraljevec, Croatia
Died in 1925 in Dornach, Switzerland
Hito Steyerl
Born in 1966 in Munich, Germany
Papa Ibra Tall
Born in 1935 in Tivaouane, Senegal
Dorothea Tanning
Born in 1910 in Galesburg, USA
Died in 2012 in New York, USA
Anonymous Tantric Paintings
Ryan Trecartin
Born in 1981 in Webster, USA
Rosemarie Trockel
Born in 1952 in Schwerte, Germany
Andra Ursuta
Born in 1979 in Salonta, Romania
Patrick Van Caeckenbergh
Born in 1960 in Aalst, Belgium
Stan VanDerBeek
Born in 1927 in New York, USA
Died in 1984 in Baltimore, USA
Erik van Lieshout
Born in 1968 in Deurne, The Netherlands
Danh Vo
Born in 1975 in Bà R?a–Vung Tàu Province, Vietnam
*벼룩시장과 구겐하임의 차이는? :욘 보(Dahn Vo)의 'I M U U R 2'
Eugene Von Bruenchenhein
Born in 1910 in Marinette, USA
Died in 1983 in Milwaukee, USA
Günter Weseler
Born in 1930 in Olsztyn, Poland
Jack Whitten
Born in 1939 in Bessemer, USA
Cathy Wilkes
Born in 1966 in Belfast, UK
Christopher Williams
Born in 1956 in Los Angeles, USA
Lynette Yiadom-Boakye
Born in 1977 in London, UK
Kohei Yoshiyuki
Born in 1946 in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan
Sergey Zarva
Born in 1973 in Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine
Anna Zemánková
Born in 1908 in Olomouc, Czech Republic
Died in 1986 in Prague, Czech Republic
Jakub Julian Ziólkowski
Born in 1980 in Zamosc, Poland
Artur Zmijewski
Born in 1966 in Warsaw, Poland
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