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작곡가 진은숙씨 뉴욕필 마리-조세 크라비스상(20만달러) 수상


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작곡가 진은숙(Unsuk Chin)씨가 뉴욕필하모닉의 신곡을 위한 마리-조세 크라비스상(Marie-Josée Kravis Prize) 수상자로 선정됐다. 진은숙씨는 상금 20만 달러와 함께 뉴욕필의 오케스트라 신곡을 위임받아 작곡, 차후 시즌에 세계 초연하게 된다. 크라비스상은 2009년 투자가 헨리 R. 크라비스씨가 부인 마리 조세의 이름으로 쾌척한 1천만 달러 기금에서 주어진다. 진은숙씨는 프랑스 작곡가 앙리 뒤티외(Henri Dutilleux), 덴마크 출신 페르 뇌고르(Per Nørgård), 네덜란드 루이스 앤드리쎈(Louis Andriessen)에 이어 네번째 수상자다. Unsuk Chin Photo: Priska Ketterer 



THE MARIE-JOSÉE KRAVIS PRIZE FOR NEW MUSIC

AT THE NEW YORK PHILHARMONIC AWARDED TO 

UNSUK CHIN


New York Philharmonic To Commission New Orchestral Work by Ms. Chin


The Marie-Josée Kravis Prize for New Music at the New York Philharmonic, which recognizes a composer for extraordinary artistic endeavor in the field of new music, has been awarded to South Korean composer Unsuk Chin. One of the world’s largest new-music prizes, the Kravis Prize includes $200,000 and a commission to write a work for the New York Philharmonic. Ms. Chin’s new orchestral work will receive its World Premiere by the Philharmonic in a future season. Funding for the Kravis Prize comes from a $10 million gift to the New York Philharmonic in 2009 by Henry R. Kravis in honor of his wife, Marie-Josée, for whom the Prize is named. Past Prize winners include 


Unsuk Chin said: “I am deeply honored to have been bestowed with The Marie-Josée Kravis Prize for New Music, having such great respect and admiration for my predecessors and for the New York Philharmonic. Working with this exceptional orchestra for the first time some years ago, I immediately felt at home, both musically and personally, feeling such a close connection and such an intriguing sense of adventure with these wonderful musicians. I hugely admire the New York Philharmonic’s commitment to new composers and I am thrilled to have a chance to collaborate with them on a new work of mine.”


“It is important that leading orchestras like the New York Philharmonic shine a light on the music of our time, and I am grateful to the Kravises for making it possible for us to do so through this significant prize,” said Music Director Jaap van Zweden. “Unsuk Chin’s musical language speaks with unique color and poetry, and we at the New York Philharmonic look forward to sharing the musical worlds she creates.”


“The Marie-Josée Kravis Prize for New Music demonstrates the New York Philharmonic’s long-term and growing commitment to celebrating the music of our time,” said President and CEO Deborah Borda. “Our ability to extend this substantial award and, through it, to champion today’s composers is only possible because of Henry and Marie-Josée Kravis’s remarkable generosity and commitment to our art form. Unsuk Chin has emerged as a powerful, original musical voice of our time, and the Philharmonic is honored to welcome her as one of the many contemporary composers who are joining the Orchestra’s family.”


“I am so pleased that the New York Philharmonic has awarded the Prize to Unsuk Chin, whose music shimmers and transports,” said Marie-Josée Kravis. “The imagery of her music, the dreams it evokes, deserve this recognition. I look forward to hearing her next creation, and hope that her music continues to be heard in New York and around the world.”


The New York Philharmonic has performed three works by Unsuk Chin, beginning in April 2013 with the well-received US Premiere of Gougalōn: Scenes from a Street Theater, named one of New York magazine’s “10 Best Classical Performances of the Year.” This performance prompted the Philharmonic to co-commission her Clarinet Concerto, which Kari Kriikku performed with the Philharmonic in its US Premiere at the 2014–15 opening subscription program. The Philharmonic co-presented her Fantaisie mécanique at the 2016 NY PHIL BIENNIAL, when it was performed by the Ensemble of the Lucerne Festival Alumni.


In December 2011 the inaugural Kravis Prize for New Music was awarded to Henri Dutilleux (1916–2013), who shared the proceeds with three composers — Anthony Cheung, Franck Krawczyk, and Peter Eötvös — each of whom was commissioned to write a work for the Orchestra. The Philharmonic gave the World Premiere of Anthony Cheung’s Lyra in June 2014; the World Premiere of Peter Eötvös’s Senza sangue in Cologne on tour, and its US Premiere in New York City in May 2015; and the World Premiere of Franck Krawczyk’s Après in April 2016, all conducted by Alan Gilbert. The second Kravis Prize was awarded in June 2014 to Per Nørgård, who shared the proceeds of his award with his former student and fellow Danish composer Bent Sørensen, whose Evening Land the Philharmonic premiered in November 2017, led by Edo de Waart. The third Kravis Prize was awarded to Louis Andriessen in November 2016, resulting in the World Premiere of his Agamemnon in October 2018, conducted by Music Director Jaap van Zweden. The premiere was part of the three-week-long The Art of Andriessen.


Along with the Kravis Prize, the Orchestra has previously named two Kravis Emerging Composers, who receive a $50,000 stipend and a commission. Sean Shepherd was named the 2012 Kravis Emerging Composer, which led to the commission and premiere of Songs in June 2014, led by Alan Gilbert. Anna Thorvaldsdottir was named the second Kravis Emerging Composer in June 2015, leading to the World Premiere of Metacosmos in April 2018, led by Esa-Pekka Salonen. A third Kravis Emerging Composer will be announced at a later date.


Unsuk Chin was born in 1961 and has lived in Germany since 1985. She studied with Sukhi Kang in Seoul and with György Ligeti in Hamburg. Her music has attracted the attention of international conductors including Simon Rattle, Esa-Pekka Salonen, Kent Nagano, Gustavo Dudamel, Alan Gilbert, Myung-Whun Chung, Susanna Mälkki, David Robertson, Jukka-Pekka Saraste, Leif Segerstam, Markus Stenz, Hannu Lintu, Peter Eötvös, Jakub Hrůša, George Benjamin, Marc Albrecht, Kazushi Ono, and François-Xavier Roth. Ms. Chin’s career has been celebrated with a series of new-music awards, which so far include the 1985 Gaudeamus Award, the 2004 Grawemeyer Award for Music Composition for her Violin Concerto, the 2005 Arnold Schoenberg Prize, the 2010 Prince Pierre Foundation Music Award, the 2012 Ho-Am Prize, the 2017 Wihuri Sibelius Prize, and, now, The Marie-Josée Kravis Prize for New Music at the New York Philharmonic. She has been composer-in-residence of the Lucerne Festival, Festival d’Automne, Stockholm International Composer Festival, Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin, Cologne Philharmonic’s Eight Bridges festival, São Paulo Symphony, Casa da Música, BBC Symphony’s Total Immersion Festival, Melbourne Symphony, Seoul Philharmonic Orchestra, and many others. In 2007 Ms. Chin’s first opera, Alice in Wonderland, received its World Premiere at the Bavarian Staatsoper, opening the Munich Opera Festival. Portrait CDs and DVDs of Ms. Chin’s music have appeared on the Deutsche Grammophon, Kairos, Unitel, and Analekta labels. Regularly commissioned by leading performing organizations around the world, her music has been performed by the New York Philharmonic, Berlin Philharmonic, Philharmonia Orchestra, Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, London Philharmonic Orchestra, Los Angeles Philharmonic, BBC Symphony Orchestra, Boston Symphony Orchestra, Orchestre Philharmonique de Radio France, Royal Stockholm Philharmonic, and Tokyo Symphony Orchestra, among others. Unsuk Chin has also been active as a concert curator, overseeing the Seoul Philharmonic Orchestra’s Ars Nova series (which she founded) from 2006 to 2017 and serving as artistic director of the Music of Today series at London’s Philharmonia Orchestra since 2011. Her works are published exclusively by Boosey & Hawkes.


Henry and Marie-Josée Kravis have long been generous supporters of new music at the New York Philharmonic. In 2009 they made a gift of $10 million to the Orchestra, endowing The Marie-Josée Kravis Prize for New Music at the New York Philharmonic; The Marie-Josée Kravis Composer-in-Residence position; the Kravis Nightcap series, inaugurated in the 2018–19 season; and The Marie-Josée Kravis Creative Partner position, also inaugurated this season by Nadia Sirota. This gift supported the commissioning of Louis Andriessen’s Agamemnon (October 2018); Anna Thorvaldsdottir’s Metacosmos (April 2018); Bent Sørensen’s Evening Land (November 2017); Franck Krawczyk’s Après (April 2016); Peter Eötvös’s Senza sangue (May 2015); Christopher Rouse’s Thunderstuck (October 2014); Sean Shepherd’s Songs (June 2014); Anthony Cheung’s Lyra (June 2014); Christopher Rouse’s Symphony No. 4 (June 2014) and Prospero’s Rooms (April 2013); and Magnus Lindberg’s Piano Concerto No. 2, written for Yefim Bronfman (May 2012), Al Largo (June 2010), Souvenir (in memoriam Gérard Grisey) (November 2010), and EXPO (September 2009). Before extending this gift, Mr. and Mrs. Kravis supported the Philharmonic’s commissioning / co-commissioning of six compositions: Peter Lieberson’s The World in Flower (May 2009); Marc Neikrug’s Quintessence (March 2008); Bernard Rands’s CHAINS LIKE THE SEA (October 2008); Esa-Pekka Salonen’s Piano Concerto (February 2007); Augusta Read Thomas’s Gathering Paradise, Emily Dickinson Settings for Soprano and Orchestra (September 2004); and Stephen Hartke’s Symphony No. 3 (September 2003).


The New York Philharmonic connects with up to 50 million music lovers annually through live concerts in New York and around the world, broadcasts, recordings, education programs, and the Leon Levy Digital Archives. Jaap van Zweden became Music Director in September 2018, succeeding titans including Bernstein, Toscanini, and Mahler. The Orchestra has commissioned and / or premiered works by leading composers from every era since its founding in 1842, including Dvořák’s New World Symphony, John Adams’s Pulitzer Prize–winning On the Transmigration of Souls, and Wynton Marsalis’s The Jungle (Symphony No. 4); in 2018–19 Jaap van Zweden leads World Premieres by Ashley Fure, Conrad Tao, Louis Andriessen, Julia Wolfe, and David Lang. Maestro van Zweden and the Philharmonic welcome New Yorkers to Phil the Hall, new this season; the Concerts in the Parks, Presented by Didi and Oscar Schafer; Philharmonic Free Fridays; and the famed Young People’s Concerts.



WORKS BY UNSUK CHIN 

Full Orchestra 
Alice in Wonderland: Prelude to Scene V (2007)
Rocaná (2008)
Mannequin (2014–15)
Chorós Chordón (2017)

Solo and Orchestra
Piano Concerto (1996–97)
Violin Concerto (2001)
Double Concerto for piano, percussion, and ensemble (2002)
Cello Concerto (2006–08, rev. 2013)
Šu, for sheng and orchestra (2009)
Clarinet Concerto (2014)

Voice and Orchestra
Miroirs des temps (1999, rev. 2001)
snagS&Snarls (2003–04)
Scenes from Alice in Wonderland (2004–07, rev. 2010–11)
Le silence des Sirènes (2014)
Puzzles and Games, from Alice in Wonderland (2017)

Chorus and Orchestra
Die Troerinnen (1986, rev. 1990)
Kalá (2000)
Le Chant des Enfants des Étoiles (2015–16)

Chamber Orchestra
Graffiti (2012–13)

Opera
Alice in Wonderland (2004–07)

Ensemble Works
Fantaisie mécanique, for five instrumentalists (1994, rev. 1997)
ParaMetaString, for string quartet and tape (1996)
Xi, for ensemble and electronics (1998)
Gougalōn, for ensemble (2009, rev. 2011)
Fanfare chimérique, for two ensembles of winds and brass and electronics (2010–11)
cosmigimmicks, for ensemble (2011–12)
Gran Cadenza, for two violins (2018)

Ensemble Works with Voice
Akrostichon-Wortspiel: Seven scenes from fairy-tales for soprano and ensemble (1991, rev. 1993)
Ma fin est mon commencement Mon commencement est ma fin, for ATTB soloists and ensemble
(third movement of Miroirs des temps) (1999)
Miroirs des temps: Je suis trestout d’amour raimpli, for countertenor, violin, and cello (1999, rev. 2001)
Cantatrix Sopranica, for two sopranos, countertenor, and ensemble (2004–05)

Piano Solo
Piano Etude No.1, In C (1999, rev. 2003)
Piano Etude No.2, Sequenzen (1995, rev. 2003)
Piano Etude No.3, Scherzo ad libitum (1995, rev. 2003)
Piano Etude No.4, Scalen (1995, rev. 2003)
Piano Etude No.5, Toccata (2003)
Piano Etude No.6, Grains (2000)

Instrumental Solo
Allegro ma non troppo, for solo percussion and tape (1994 / 1998)
Alice in Wonderland: Advice from a caterpillar, for solo bass clarinet (2007)
Double Bind?, for solo violin and electronics (2007)

Tape
Gradus ad Infinitum (1989)


Unsuk Chin: An Appreciation
By Paul Griffiths

What Unsuk Chin writes is a music of the iridescent. Just as the colors on the wing of a butterfly
will seem to shift and flicker in the light, so this music is constantly alive with bewildering and
enthralling possibility. It may simply be a matter of speed, of how notes are alternated in very
rapid succession, so that our ears are deliciously foiled in trying to decide what we are hearing —
not only what note, but what harmony and what implication.

Take the example, from many, of Chin’s Clarinet Concerto, which she wrote in 2014 for a
commission from the New York Philharmonic and partner orchestras, and of which the
Philharmonic gave the first complete performance in September that year. The work is full of
flutterings, in the solo part and within the orchestral texture, and their effect is not at all, as one
might think, simply static, a case of running on the spot. Chin’s music never does that. It is always
on the move, very often from one febrile oscillation to another, motivated by a strong sense of
harmony as a progressive force — progressive in providing impulse, direction, and flow, but
progressive, too, in discovering new kinds of forward-moving imperative, distinct from the regular
tonality of older music, even if this regular tonality will often have a hovering presence.

It so does very clearly in the central movement of this same concerto, the movement entitled
Hymnos. Yet here we are very much displaced from the ordinary in two ways. In the first place,
the soloist is playing two notes at a time, using special fingerings and breath control to bring out
“multiphonics,” as they are often called. The technique is one that composers and clarinetists
have been using for decades, and often the effect is wild, of a tamed beast going berserk, as is
partly the case elsewhere in this concerto. Here, though, the multiphonics are closed down
mostly to thirds and fourths, proceeding with a solemn calm that is indeed hymn-like. Even so,
the harmony is not like anything we have heard before. This is a hymn from another planet,
perhaps another galaxy.

There is another aspect to its strangeness. The very particular, supremely controlled multiphonics
that Chin requires from her player in this movement are extremely difficult to find, and their
difficulty expresses itself in their quiet, fragile character. More than that, they do not seem like
clarinet sounds at all. Because we hear very little attack, we might think we are listening to a
small organ or, as may be even more likely, emanations from Tibetan bowl gongs being rubbed
to elicit their resonances.

These alternatives, Western and Eastern, remind us that Chin’s music escapes geography. It no
more belongs to her native South Korea than it does to the Germany in which she has spent most
of her adult life. Features that we might think of as identifiably Asian — such as the microtonal
tunings that make regular Western intervals melt a little, or the cascading reverberations of metal
percussion — are thoroughly absorbed, with no hint of local color. Even when Chin remembers
her Seoul childhood in her work — the flashing-grubby, earthy-exhilarating encounter with
street theater, for instance — what she produces is a compound of brilliance and mire, of gems in
the rough, that is common to human experience everywhere.

As for Chin the European, she has drawn widely from her adopted continent in the texts she has
set, including poems in English, German, French (modern and medieval), Spanish, Portuguese,
Danish, Swedish, Finnish, Latin, and ancient Greek. Such polyglot choices bespeak a composer
who enjoys technical challenges, and also one fascinated by different worlds of sound with
which she can engage her own. Chin is not at home anywhere on the globe; she is at home
everywhere, or can be. And this may be one of the important lessons she brings, to a world
brimming again with frantic nationalism.

It should also be said that her music totally resists the label “female.” Chin has not gone for soft
subjects. But neither does she want “to play with the boys.” Her imagination may be sexy, but it
is not sexed.

Iridescence again. The butterfly’s shimmer comes from the interference between a fixed
structure, on the wing surface, and waves of arriving light. Without either one, it goes. Similarly,
in Chin’s music we hear spectacular patterns, audacious swoops, dazzling colors, all arising from
the productive interference between East and West, female and male, tradition and innovation,
then and now. As she has herself suggested, it may all go back to collisions and coalescences
between two kinds of music she was discovering as a student. On the one hand, there was
synthesized electronic music, and what it could teach ready ears about generating new colors by
piling together pure frequencies. On the other, there was the music of the Balinese gamelan, an
orchestra of tuned gongs and other metal percussion instruments. Chin has composed electronic
pieces and has used arrays of percussion in many of her orchestral scores (although never, of
course, with explicit reference to Balinese or any other music). More importantly, however, her
music has vibrated and ricocheted between these extremes of the technological and the
traditional, and has done so largely within a sphere, that of the symphony orchestra, belonging to
neither.

The key is imagination. The key is fantasy. Like the authors she specially cherishes — most
notably Lewis Carroll, on whose Alice in Wonderland she based her opera — Chin is a virtuoso
fantasist as well as a fantastic virtuoso, an artist who shows time and again that there are always
alternative worlds, shining far away and far beyond, taking us into undreamed-of territory, but
drawing us with light that reflects on what we have before us, here and now.

Paul Griffiths was born in Wales in 1947 and has been writing on music professionally for almost half a century.
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